HAZARDS IN SLUDGE MANAGEMENT

During processing of sewage and wastewater plants,exposure to chlorine or hydrogen sulfide gas. The  work can also make you sick. Sewage and wastewater contain bacteria, funguses, parasites, and viruses that can cause intestinal, lung, and other infections. If equipment, work practices, and personal protective equipment (PPE) don’t protect you from swallowing these agents, you can get sick.
During any part of treatment, transport, or application of sewage sludge, you can be exposed to materials that can cause disease. This is true even if you work around treated (class B) biosolids. Careful work habits can help protect you.
Some Biological Hazards That May Be in Sewage Or Wastewater
Bacteria  may cause diarrhea, fever, cramps, and sometimes vomiting, headache, weakness, or loss of
appetite. These are some bacteria and diseases they cause: E-coli, shigellosis, typhoid fever, salmonella, and cholera. Funguses
• Aspergillus and other funguses often grow in compost. These can lead to allergic symptoms (such as runny nose) and sometimes can lead to lung infection or make asthma worse. If you have other health problems, you may be more likely to get sick from aspergillus. Parasites
• Cryptosporidium and giardia lamblia may cause diarrhea and stomach cramps, and even nausea or a slight fever.
• Roundworm (ascariasis). Most people have no symptoms. With a lot of roundworms, you may cough and have trouble breathing or you may have pain in your belly and blocked intestines. Viruses
• Hepatitis A causes liver disease. You may feel tired, pain in your belly, nauseous off and on; you may have jaundice (yellow skin) or diarrhea or not be hungry. The CDC says sewage workers are not at more risk of hepatitis A infection than other workers (see #1, below). If a lot of people in the community have hepatitis A, your risk may be higher than usual.
Bloodborne viruses  are a hazard mainly to workers in health care facilities. Hepatitis B and HIV are
bloodborne:
• Hepatitis B causes liver disease. You may feel tired, have jaundice (yellow skin), pain in your belly, feel nauseous off and on, throw up, or not be hungry. The disease has not been linked to exposure to sewage in the U.S. (2)
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes AIDS. There are no known cases of wastewater workers
getting HIV from their jobs in the U.S. and the risk is virtually nonexistent (2,3).

Protecting the Worker
For work around sewage or wastewater, engineering controls and work practices are the best ways to protect workers from exposures to disease. When engineering controls are not possible, use personal protective equipment (PPE). For some jobs and around some hazards, respiratory protection is required.
  The employer should give the worker:
• Training and education about the hazards of wastewater and sewage
• A place onsite with clean water for washing your hands
• A place to wash and clean up after work
• The right PPE, such as gloves, goggles, a face shield, water-resistant suit, or respirator – depending on the job
• Clean areas set aside for eating and smoking
• Cleaning facilities or services for clothing and equipment. (If clothing is badly soiled, change out of it. Keep equipment clean to limit your exposures to the disease-causing agents.)
What you can do:
• Most important: Wash your hands well with clean water and soap before you eat or smoke and after
work.
• Do not touch your nose, mouth, eyes, or ears with your hands, unless you have just washed. Most of
the time, people get these diseases when they have germs on their hands and they touch their mouth
or nose or eyes.
• Keep your fingernails short; use a stiff soapy brush to clean under your nails.
• Wear waterproof gloves when you clean pumps or screens and when you handle wastewater, sludge, or grit.
• Always wear gloves when your hands are chapped or burned or you have a rash or a cut.
• Shower and change out of your work clothes before you leave work.
• Do not keep your soiled work clothes with your other clothes.
• Report any injury or illness you think you got from work right away.
• If you do get sick, be sure to tell your doctor you work in a sewage or wastewater treatment plant.
That information will help the doctor know what to look for.
Vaccinations You need up-to-date shots for tetanus and diphtheria. If you want to know about shots to prevent  hepatitis
A, ask a nurse or doctor (4).

SLUDGE MANAGEMENT

Recent Advancements in Wastewater Sludge Composting

Many utility providers face growing problems with the disposal of the wastewater sludges

(residuals) that are created as part of the wastewater treatment process. Other providers

are looking to additional methods for converting the residuals into fertilizer/soil conditioner

with a higher economic and social value. The new technology presents a composting method 

to address the disposal and/or use of wastewater residuals. By maintaining the recommendations

 a Class A biosolid can be produced. This Class A biosolid provides the utility operator the

 maximum flexibility for its disposal or use as a fertilizer, soil conditioner, etc.

Composting of wastewater residual is a bio-thermal aerobic process that decomposes the

organic portion of the residuals. The composting process reduces the organic material in

the residual by approximately 25-40 percent. During composting the heat generated by

the decomposition of the organic portion of the residuals reduces the moisture content of

the residual, stabilizes it and renders the residual harmless by transforming it into a usable biosolid.

Organic Content in general, the higher the residual’s organic content, the greater the quantity of heat released during composting. More heat results in the thermophilic phase (55 to 65° C)

being reached earlier in the composting process. This greater heat release results in more moisture being evaporated. Raw residual typically contains 60 + percent organic material, while digested

residual contains 0 percent organic material. 

Usual methods

Since raw residual (from primary clarifiers and secondary clarifiers) contains more organic

material

USUAL METHODS By composting or thermal heat 

It takes several weeks to reach the thermophilic temperature . Maintaining that

temperature provides the highest level of pathogen reduction/vector control and

produces a compost .

Lots of manual labor required constant monitoring lots of area required to store cycle time

may vary maximum upto 8 to 12 weeks

Conclusion OUR ADVANTAGE

The organic SLUDGE are being composted in the Environmental Recycling systems

and would be converted into organic Fertilizer /  soil conditioner/Refused Derived Fuel and the details of the

same are provided hereunder:

THE ADVANCED SOLUTION:

DIGESTION OF ORGANIC sludge AT FASTEST RATE BY ADOPTING ADVANCED &

SUITABLE TECHNOLOGIES IS THE ONLY HOLISTIC SOLUTION

We at JDR ECOCLEAN I LTD with the help of our principals are offering

you a breakthrough technology.

Our equipment ERS has the lowest cycle time of converting Municipal Organic

SLUDGE into fertilizer / Refused derived Fuel within 2-3 hours.

The process is totally environment friendly simple.

Fully enclosed system of operation.

Simple automated integrated tailor made hopper system.

No Odour.

Single button operation.

Space saving design

Less labor requirement.

No regular re purchase of micro organisms needed.

Capacity processing capacity on a 20 hour basis + or - 5%.

The Organic sludge approximately 8 tonnes per cycle which are sorted in the secondary

stage is fed into the conveyor of ERS Mechanism for processing the Organic

waste.

THE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY - DRYING AND FERMENTATION PROCESS TYPE.

The segregated domestic waste is fed to the main shredding and crushing chamber

of ERS where the particulate size would be reduced to the minimum.

Specialized Jumbo Microorganisms would be introduced in this chamber so that the

digestion of compounds are achieved within a cycle of 3 hours maximum.

The technology adopted is a Low pressure vacuum drying fermentation system

combined

with the Indigenous Microorganisms for fast treatment of Organic waste into

fertilizer /soil conditioner refused derived fuel.

The systems are designed to maintain the temperature and moisture contents to

enable Microorganisms to multiply at a faster rate.

Control of the pressure and temperature – 50 – 70 degree C* provides the most

ideal condition for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms.

It also enhances Exponential multiplication of microorganisms.

Accelerates Fermentation process to be completed within the cycle.

ADVANTAGES:

• Use of patented indigenous Microorganisms.

• 3 Types of symbiotic patented microorganisms are used for processing.

• Aerobic Microorganisms can survive in high temperature but not the protozoans.

• Extreme condition in machine creates new Microorganism spores that would survive

• in another extreme condition. No purchase of Microorganisms necessary.

• Use of Specific Indigenous Microorganisms for different materials.

• Allow specific or fixed Microorganisms to be multiplied.

• Different amount of moisture contents in different materials does not affect

• the operation of the machine.

• Automatic controls of the moisture contents enable specific Microorganisms to

• survive and multiply.

• No waste water treatment facility.

• Wastewater evaporated for use in cooling tower along with Scrubber mechanism.

• The wastewater in cooling tower is recycled in the machine.

• Automatic control system

• One – Push control Button.

• Treatment according to the types of the materials or contents.

• Easy maintenance.

• Visual check.

• Easy cleaning of individual parts.

• Easy to change vacuum seal.

SLUDGE will be processed into usable Organic manure / RDF which

can be alternatively used along with coal and can be used in thermal plants,

cement factories etc.

INPUT  ORGANIC  SLUDGE  ----0UTPUT  -PREMIUM ORGANIC 

FERTILIZER/SOIL CONDITIONER/RDF (calorific content may vary) 

Output from our machine after processing SLUDGE MSW (GARBAGE)

A great mission .

Human being has always tried to set his own order in regulating every form of

life on the earth. He viewed every natural resource from the point of his

immediate benefit. He nurtured animals and plants that he found useful and

destroyed or uncared the ones that he found not useful. In the process, he

disturbed the balance of nature so much that now he realizes his folly for

setting a wrong trend in transferring his legacy to his future generations. This

realization is coming fast across the entire human race all over the world. In

agriculture, the greatest transformation came with the discovery of chemical

fertilizers in early 1900s, which changed the whole concept of plant nutrition.

The use of synthetically produced plant nutrients, principally nitrogen,

phosphorous and potash became a practice and a slogan in crop production and

they have undoubtedly contributed much to increasing our crop yields for over 50

years. However, over reliance on chemical fertilizers has created many unforeseen

environmental and economical problems all over the world including India. The

developed countries realized their mistakes long back and mended their ways of

improving crop productivity balancing the use of chemical fertilizers and products

of organic wastes and their recycling to achieve maximum use efficiency and

economy in use of every natural resource that goes in production of synthetic

fertilizers and crop production. However, developing countries including India

are yet to take a serious note of this. Major concerns of long- term sustainability

in crop production and productivity has taken a back seat. A treadmill has set in

for use of more and more fertilizers and this has now reduced crop productivity

in relation to increased cost of cultivation. Lands in many situations have degraded

and lost their fertility, food and water contaminated and environment polluted. Human

and environmental health all over the world is affected and managing it is very costly.

It is with this concern for developing agricultural practices and systems that can

effectively address the immediate issue of introducing and element of sustainability in

Indian Agriculture, that this Division has taken up as a challenge and as its mission.

JDR output of biodynamic premium organic fertilizer products (NITROGEN RICH)

and processes for dealing with Environment & Biotech problems encompassing

municipal solid waste, putrescible wastes from the agriculture, horticulture and

aquaculture industries, sewage sludge, industrial waste streams and contamination

of soils and waters by hydrocarbons and other organic compounds. Its activities

include sanitization, bio-conversion, bio-remediation and bio- augmentation.

INPUT ORGANIC SLUDGE ----0UTPUT -PREMIUM ORGANIC FERTILIZER/SOIL

CONDITIONER/RDF (calorific content may vary